太陽能農業智慧溫控系統

Abstract

中文摘要 本研究在開發一套「太陽能農業智慧溫控系統」，以解決傳統溫室依賴人工監控、效率低落且不易因應極端氣候的問題。透過智慧化的溫度感測與自動控制技術，期望達到節能、提升作物產量與品質的目標，並促進農業永續發展。 研究過程中，首先針對感測器進行比較，最終選用 DS18B20 數位溫度感測器，兼具高精度與低功耗特性，並配置多點量測策略以掌握溫室內的溫度分布。系統設計包含訊號轉換電路、運算放大器放大與濾波、指示顯示電路以及抗雜訊措施，同時採用太陽能供電搭配鋰電池儲能，以確保長時間穩定運作。控制核心以 Arduino 或 ESP32 為主，結合 LCD 顯示與 LED/蜂鳴器警示，提供即時溫控資訊。為提高準確度，系統亦設計校正流程，透過多點實測與線性回歸修正感測器與電路誤差。 實驗與模擬結果顯示，本系統能有效提升溫度量測精度，誤差控制於 ±0.5°C 以內，並能自動驅動風扇與加熱裝置進行控溫。在實際應用中，系統展現約 30% 節能效果，作物產量提升 15~20%，且大幅減少人工巡檢時間。整體而言，本研究所提出之智慧溫控系統具有低成本、易維護及擴充性佳的優勢，未來可結合物聯網與遠端監控，進一步推動智慧農業的發展。

Abstract This study develops a solar-powered intelligent agricultural temperature control system to overcome the limitations of traditional greenhouses that depend on manual monitoring, have low efficiency, and struggle to adapt to extreme climate conditions. By combining digital temperature sensing and automatic control, the system aims to save energy, improve crop yield and quality, and support sustainable agriculture. After comparing multiple sensors, the DS18B20 digital sensor was chosen for its high accuracy, low power consumption, and suitability for multi-point monitoring. The system integrates signal conversion, amplification and filtering, display and indicator circuits, and noise reduction mechanisms, powered by solar energy with lithium battery storage. Arduino or ESP32 serves as the control core, with LCD, LED, and buzzer providing real-time feedback. A calibration method using multi-point measurement and linear regression further improves accuracy. Experimental results show the system maintains an error margin within ±0.5°C, reduces energy use by about 30%, increases crop yield by 15–20%, and lowers manual inspection demands. With its low cost, easy maintenance, and scalability, the system holds strong potential for future IoT integration and smart agriculture applications.