豐原客運主線、延駛線與繞駛線之分析

Abstract

中文摘要 本研究以臺中市公車 206、207、208 及 209 路線為研究對象，針對豐原至東勢間路線高度重疊之情形，運用電子票證資料分析各路線之搭乘需求、時段分布、站點需求及延繞駛班次利用情形，進一步評估新豐勢幹線規劃與後段支線調整之可行性。 研究結果顯示，豐原至東勢區間具有穩定且持續之雙向運輸需求，且主要需求集中於豐原、東勢及部分重要站點，具備整併為主幹線之條件。因此，本研究提出將原 206、207、208 及 209 於共同路段整併為「新豐勢幹線」，將 207、258及 209 分別定位為東勢至谷關、東勢至卓蘭及東勢至東勢林場支線服務。 在營運評估方面，新豐勢幹線整併後可降低共同路段之重複供給，並提升車輛及司機資源配置效率。轉乘等候時間分析結果亦顯示，新豐勢與新 207、新 258及新 209 之銜接多能維持於合理範圍內，具備實際營運可行性。此外，延繞駛班次分析顯示，206 延主要服務學生通學需求，207 繞偏向高齡族群基本運輸需求，208 繞則同時承擔一般乘客與學生需求，顯示各延繞駛路線具不同服務功能，應依其需求特性進行差異化處理。 綜合而言，本研究透過電子票證資料檢視路線重疊與實際需求，提出新豐勢幹線與後段支線分工路網重整方向，期能作為未來臺中市公車路網優化、班次重分配及公共運輸資源配置參考。

Abstract This study focuses on Taichung City bus routes 206, 207, 208, and 209, which substantially overlap between Fengyuan and Dongshi. Electronic fare card data were used to analyze passenger demand, temporal distribution, stop-level demand, and the utilization of extended and diverted services. Based on these analyses, the study further evaluates the feasibility of establishing the New Fengshi Trunk Line and restructuring the connecting branch routes. The results indicate that the Fengyuan–Dongshi corridor has stable and continuous bidirectional transport demand. Passenger demand is primarily concentrated in Fengyuan, Dongshi, and several major stops, demonstrating suitable conditions for consolidating the overlapping routes into a trunk line. Accordingly, this study proposes integrating the common sections of routes 206, 207, 208, and 209 into the “New Fengshi Trunk Line,” while repositioning routes 207, 258, and 209 as branch services connecting Dongshi with Guguan, Zhuolan, and Dongshi Forest Garden, respectively. Regarding operational performance, the consolidation of the New Fengshi Trunk Line could reduce duplicated service provision along the common corridor and improve the efficiency of vehicle and driver resource allocation. The transfer waiting time analysis also shows that connections between the New Fengshi Trunk Line and the restructured routes 207, 258, and 209 can generally be maintained within a reasonable range, indicating practical operational feasibility. Furthermore, the analysis of extended and diverted services reveals that the extended Route 206 primarily serves student commuting demand, the diverted Route 207 mainly meets the basic mobility needs of older passengers, and the diverted Route 208 serves both general passengers and students. These findings demonstrate that the extended and diverted services perform different functions and should be managed differently according to their respective demand characteristics. In conclusion, this study uses electronic fare card data to examine route overlap and actual passenger demand and proposes a restructured network consisting of the New Fengshi Trunk Line and connecting branch routes. The findings are expected to serve as a reference for future bus network optimization, service frequency reallocation, and public transport resource allocation in Taichung City.