應用田口方法優化氣球衝鋒車行駛性能之研究

Abstract

中文摘要 本研究旨在應用田口方法優化氣球衝鋒車行駛性能，並以縮短小車行駛 2公尺所需之時間作為「望小特性」指標。實驗選擇氣孔大小、噴氣管長度、氣球充氣體積及車身材質共 4 項控制因子，各設定 3 個水準，採用 𝐿𝐿! (3" ) 直交表進行實驗設計。為降低量測誤差並提升數據可靠度，實驗過程輔以慢動作錄影及 3次重複試驗（n=3）。 實驗與信噪比（S/N 比）分析結果顯示，各控制因子對行駛時間之影響顯著性依序為：出氣孔大小、車身材質、噴氣管長度及氣球充氣體積。確認實驗證實，最佳參數組合為𝐴𝐴# 𝐵𝐵$ 𝐶𝐶# 𝐷𝐷# ，即中出氣孔、5 cm 噴氣管、中等充氣量及冰棒棍車身。在此最佳化配置下，平均行駛時間自 2.117 秒顯著縮短至 1.173 秒，行駛效率提升達 44.57%；同時，系統 S/N 比由 -6.513 dB 提升至 -1.388 dB，獲得5.125 dB 品質增益。本研究結果不僅具體驗證了田口方法於載具參數最佳化實用性，亦成功提升氣球衝鋒車系統整體效率與穩健性。

Abstract This study applies the Taguchi method to optimize the running performance of an air-powered balloon car, utilizing the time required to travel a 2-meter distance as a "smaller-the-better" quality characteristic. Four control factors—aperture size, nozzle length, balloon inflation volume, and chassis material—were selected at three levels each, and an 𝐿𝐿! (3" ) orthogonal array was employed for the experimental design. To ensure measurement reliability and mitigate observational variance, high-speed slow-motion video recording and three experimental replications (n=3) were implemented. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and main effects analysis indicate that the relative significance of the factors is ranked as follows: aperture size, chassis material, nozzle length, and balloon inflation volume. The confirmation experiment verified that the optimal parameter combination is 𝐴𝐴# 𝐵𝐵$ 𝐶𝐶# 𝐷𝐷# (medium aperture, 5-cm nozzle length, medium inflation volume, and wooden popsicle stick chassis). Under this optimized configuration, the average travel time was significantly reduced from 2.117 to 1.173 seconds, achieving a 44.57% improvement in driving efficiency. Furthermore, the S/N ratio increased from -6.513 dB to -1.388 dB, yielding a substantial quality gain of 5.125 dB. These empirical findings demonstrate that the Taguchi method effectively enhances both the driving efficiency and robust performance of the vehicle system.