應用駕駛模擬機探討 大學生酒後駕駛行為反應之研究

Abstract

台灣由於地狹人稠以及私人運具蓬勃發展，汽機車混流複雜，車禍死亡事故A1與受傷事故A2之死傷人數居高不下，其中大學生死傷的比例也不少,近十年每年平均約170多人死亡.，故本研究透過車輛駕駛模擬機之不同情境測試具有駕照之大學生遇到三種不同情境如:前方皮球掉落、行人穿越與路口車輛違反號誌時之反應時間；本研究計畫挑選逢甲大學運管系大一至大四每年級十位學生，合計四十位，測試酒精含量0.15mg/l為基準之喝酒前後對情境做出反應之反應時間，並且依受測者體重計算應接受不同之酒精濃度，以及對反應時間之影響。研究結果顯示發現主要測得會因突發事件(如車輛闖紅燈、皮球掉落、行人穿越)反應時間而明顯增加。如車輛闖紅燈酒後與不喝酒增加為0.58秒；皮球掉落酒後增加為0.25秒；行人穿越酒後增加為0.30秒.並經成對樣本T檢定後，可以發現酒後的反應時間明顯多於酒前的反應時間，且有顯著差異。依卡方分配來分析，發現性別和反應時間快慢有明顯差異，同樣依卡方分配來分析酒精濃度高低和反應時間快慢亦有明顯差異。

Due to the population density very high and many private vehicles in Taiwan, and also traffic flow very complicate between passenger cars and motorcycles, the death and injury person are very high. The fatality traffic accident we called A1 accident, and the injury traffic accident we called A2 accident. Meanwhile, the average death number of college students is about 170 persons per year. This study uses the simulator of passenger car with different scenarios to test the reaction time of college students. The scenarios include the falling of playing ball, passenger cross the road, and vehicle violating the traffic signaling at the intersection. There are 10 students at each studying year, so that there are 40 college students under the test. Also the test includes the students with/without drinking alcohol, and then measures the alcoholic content of each student to reach 0.15 mg/l. This study desires to find out the different reaction time with/without alcohol under different scenarios. The study results show that (1) the reaction time with alcohol will increase 0.58 second for the vehicle violating the traffic signaling at the intersection; (2) the reaction time with alcohol will increase 0.25 second for the falling of playing ball; (3) the reaction time with alcohol will increase 0.30 second for the passenger cross the road. Also, the T test finds out that the reaction time with alcohol are much more comparing to without alcohol, and is very significant difference. Furthermore, the chi-square test shows that the gender and reaction time has significant difference, and also, the content of alcohol and reaction time has strong correlation.